ISSA Nutritionist Practice Exam

Which of the following has been linked to the formation of atherosclerotic plaque?

1. HDL

2. Triglycerides

3. LDL

4. ApoB

The correct answer is: LDL

The formation of atherosclerotic plaque is primarily associated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL). LDL is often referred to as "bad cholesterol" because it carries cholesterol from the liver to the cells in the body. When there is an excess of LDL in the bloodstream, it can lead to the accumulation of cholesterol in the walls of arteries. Over time, this accumulation contributes to the development of fatty streaks, which can evolve into atherosclerotic plaques. The plaques are made up of lipids, inflammatory cells, and fibrous tissue. These plaques can narrow the arteries, restricting blood flow and potentially leading to cardiovascular events such as heart attacks or strokes. The relationship between elevated LDL levels and atherosclerosis is well-documented in various studies and guidelines related to cardiovascular health. In contrast, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is considered "good cholesterol," as it helps remove cholesterol from the bloodstream and transport it back to the liver for excretion or reuse. Triglycerides, though they are a type of fat in the blood and can contribute to heart disease at high levels, are generally not the primary factor in the direct formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the same way LDL is. ApoB is a protein