ISSA Nutritionist Practice Exam

What is the primary focus of the Mediterranean diet?

1. High protein intake

2. Increased dairy consumption

3. Fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats

4. Low-carbohydrate intake

The correct answer is: Fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats

The primary focus of the Mediterranean diet is on the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats. This dietary pattern emphasizes whole, minimally processed foods, which are staples in Mediterranean cuisine. Fruits and vegetables are abundant sources of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and dietary fiber, contributing to overall health and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Healthy fats, particularly from sources like olive oil, nuts, and fish, are also a vital component of this diet. These fats are rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which can help manage inflammation and improve heart health. The Mediterranean diet encourages moderation rather than elimination, allowing for a balanced intake of various food groups while promoting a healthy lifestyle. In contrast, options that focus on high protein intake, increased dairy consumption, or low-carbohydrate intake do not align with the core principles of the Mediterranean diet, which prioritizes plant-based foods and healthy fats over excessive protein or specific macronutrient restrictions.